Theodore Roosevelts Inaugural Address Summary free essay sample

On September 6, 1901, President William McKinley was killed in Buffalo, New York. Theodore Roosevelt assumed control over the administration on September 14, 1901 in Buffalo. He didn't give his debut address until 1905 when he would begin his second term as president. He gave his discourse in the capital of the United States, Washington D. C. In his discourse, Theodore Roosevelt fundamentally talked about how Americans ought to be ace dominion. He however it was each american obligation to give different nations indistinguishable rights from they have. Roosevelt once said â€Å"Much has been given us, and much will legitimately be anticipated from us. † He is stating that each American should assist to attempt to spread the Democracy and Freedom that they got. He discloses to America that majority rule government is an incredible thing and a few nations don’t have it, so it would be normal that different nations would require help from America. He attempts to pass on that government is getting another nation out as opposed to taking it over. We will compose a custom exposition test on Theodore Roosevelts Inaugural Address Summary or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Roosevelt’s primary objective in his discourse was to get the individuals increasingly associated with outside undertakings. He thought they expected to satisfy an obligation and help different nations needing popular government. All through the entire location, Roosevelt is addressing the general people of America. He reveals to them the entire discourse to turn out to be increasingly associated with remote issues. Roosevelt’s Address was certainly powerful. He caused individuals to understand that remote undertakings were a national intrigue. He had the option to assemble the Panama Canal and had the option to manufacture the U. S. Naval force to shield from future intruders from different nations. Roosevelt’s objective of international strategies being managed by the individuals was cultivated because of the way that the individuals turned out to be progressively engaged with remote issues.

“The Fly” Katherine Mansfield Essay Example

â€Å"The Fly† Katherine Mansfield Essay Example â€Å"The Fly† Katherine Mansfield Paper â€Å"The Fly† Katherine Mansfield Paper â€Å"The Fly†   Analysis Passing is something a great many people would need to maintain a strategic distance from. Humankind has consistently been and will keep on being survivors of this disastrous occasion. In the short story â€Å"The Fly,† Katherine Mansfield investigates various subjects. Such topics community on the battles that passing of friends and family presents to a person’s life. The passing of a friend or family member isn't anything but difficult to adapt to. It might make one be caught by despondency, needing to battle life, and being not able to mend with time. The cozy relationship that a dad may impart to his child can bring a man’s brain to war if he somehow managed to lose his solitary child. The creator paints this image of misery and trouble through the term of the Boss in this story. All through the story there are numerous passings first with the boss’s child then with the fly. I accept that the creator was attempting to show that the idea of death is inescapable, however there are approaches to adapt to it. You either discover the solidarity to proceed onward or you can sit and let your life cruise you by. The Boss from â€Å"The Fly† helps me to remember those that are harrowed by death. The Boss has tormented himself out of a real existence that could have been acceptable. The Boss’s child was dead, yet it's anything but motivation to disregard the beneficial things throughout everyday life. The Boss ought to have understood that smothering his torment could never bring his child back. Rather the Boss has gone into extraordinary lengths to change nature he was in. Be that as it may, he didn't contemplate that to make another future he would need to successfully manage his past. Another topic of â€Å"The Fly† would need to be not having the option to proceed onward. The tune â€Å"It’s So Hard to Say Goodbye To yesterday† by Boys2Men considers exclusively that it is so hard to proceed onward after an appalling occasion. Be that as it may, there is no compelling reason to choose not to move on, in light of the fact that choosing not to move on carries no change to what's to come. In the event that the Boss set aside the effort to proceed onward from that disastrous occurrence in his life he would have had the option to visit his son’s grave. He would not be having mental emergencies just by catching wind of his son’s grave. Just by hearing the words â€Å"†¦visited children grave† from Mr. Woodifield the Boss’ cerebrum essentially closes down, so he asked his office administrator not to give anybody access to see him for thirty minutes. All he had the option to consider for the remainder of that day was the loss of his kid, his lone child, who should oversee his organization, the child who was going to proceed with his inheritance. At the point when I consider fathers I likewise consider children. There will never be a man who wishes to have just girls. They would consistently need to have a child. Children are the entryway to the cutting edge carrying on the name custom. Children are the ones who will be assuming control over things when the dad is no longer there and with his child gone the Boss was feeling a devastating measure of misfortune. His solitary child was gone, shutting the door for people in the future, the finish of a heritage. The Boss felt that his purpose behind living was lost with the demise of his child. He was currently a shell of the man that once imagined that life was full and had meaning. Battling with his life, the Boss doesn't understand he is in a halt simply like the fly in the story that is battling with life (the ink) to make it. As in the well known expression when life gives you lemons you make lemonade, the Boss should utilize this idea by transforming a terrible circumstance into a decent one. In life there are no second chances, when the time has passed it is gone until the end of time. The Boss may have wanted to send passing a letter. Clarifying the reasons why his child ought not have been removed. The Boss expected to open up his eyes and search inside himself to check whether he was happy with the existence he was living. Moreover, time doesn't generally recuperate all injuries. There is a colloquialism that states â€Å"time changes things, yet you really need to change things yourself. † I feel like that is genuine particularly when I hear the statement â€Å"time mends all injuries. † I feel that there is a trick. You can't simply lounge around then out of nowhere and phenomenally the entirety of your torment is no more. You need to work to get your injuries fixed. The Boss felt that in the event that he simply disregarded the injuries and imagined as though they were not there he would be better right away by any stretch of the imagination, on the grounds that there would not be anything to mend. Be that as it may, he is simply overestimating his creative mind on the grounds that the injuries will consistently be underneath the surface. Regardless of whether he doesn't show his torment it will consistently be covered somewhere inside. The Boss didn't understand that he was hindering his recuperating procedure by disregarding what was in his face. Another topic would be not surrendering. When there is a snag in your way that holds wrecking you. Simply get up and attempt again in light of the fact that there is consistently a path around it. Absolutely never let that impediment rule your life however the other way around. For instance the fly, in the story regardless of how often it was shrouded in ink. It got back up and cleared itself off even until its final gasp. The fly essentially went down battling it didn't let the ink get to his will to live, until it had no other decision however to surrender. This is a model the Boss should take and use in his own life. Individuals pass on consistently, he simply needs to see that there is a whole other world to life than just to live. He needs to discover something positive to prop him up, instead of harping on the idea of losing his lone youngster. Before it was for his child, presently it very well may be for himself or his loved ones. The story can likewise be perused as an affirmation of the fierce repulsions of World War I. A portrayal of the age that sent its children to their passing beds in an unfeeling war. The Boss just as Mr. Woodifield had a child in the war, and it appears that the two of them lost their children in that equivalent war, similarly the same number of others. Due to the way Mr. Woodifield talked about the grave site it appeared to have been made to hold fallen officers of that war. It shows that war can influence individuals from multiple points of view. Mr. Woodifield can discuss his child unreservedly. While the Boss can't remain to see whatever would help him to remember the loss of his son’s nearness not to mention hear his name. All things considered there are a wide range of topics in â€Å"The Fly† by Katherine Mansfield. Like how passing is a piece of life that we can't dispose of. At the point when life gets troublesome now and again it is difficult to proceed onward. Particularly with regards to losing somebody you have an exceptional bond with. It likewise clarifies how fathers and children build up a cozy relationship with each other. How you can't battle with life since it doesn't seem to have what you need, that time isn't generally the sole healer everything being equal, and the merciless abhorrences of war. Over all life is what you think about it, you either takes it or you leave it.

Admissions Decisions and Mystery Hunt

Admissions Decisions and Mystery Hunt Two years and 363 days ago I was on a plane home from Tenerife, two days after my eighteenth birthday and a few hours after MIT decisions were released. On the drive home I considered calling someone to check my decision for me and I might have hunted for wifi at intersections. When we got home I brought some luggage in to delay the inevitable, or maybe I didn’t, carried my laptop up to my room, checked either my MIT or Caltech decision, ran downstairs to tell my parents I got in, ran back upstairs, ran back downstairs to tell them I got in to the other. The feeling was relief and triumph, like when you find your phone in the washer and it still works. I felt that I had passed a crossroads. For about six years MIT was my dream. I’d never been to MIT and my only link to MIT was the blogs, but I knew that if I got into MIT I would be happy, and I knew that if I got into MIT I would be the person I wanted to be. That’s not true. Happiness is not a place. In the following months I went to CPW, shopped for college stuff, and cried about leaving home. My parents dropped me and my stuff off at Random and left and finally I was alone with my boxes and my new life. The whole time I waited for some sign. This is it, it was going to say, I made it. Sometimes while walking through campus I notice the scenes I used to only see in photographs, and I remember how desperately I wanted to be here. This is MIT, and I am here. I taste the words and let them roll through my mind. All of my dreams have come true. Have I made it? Am I happy? Inhale. Exhale. You are super-cool. In the past 18 or so years you’ve already done amazing things, and you’ve learned a lot about yourself and your interests and where you might fit into this world. Over the next four years you will continue learning and doing amazing things, and you will continue to learn and do amazing things after you graduate. With luck, the amazing things you do will be much more impressive than getting into college. I’ve realized over the past two years that the only thing I ever needed to be happy was my own permission. That isn’t something that MIT can give or take away, and it isn’t something that will appear or disappear because of what MIT tells you on Thursday. Regardless of your admissions decision, you will continue to be the good, intelligent person you are, and, if you let yourself, you can continue to be happy. For the next two days, here’s some important advice from the decisions page: We know that applying to college is stressful, and that the closer you get to receiving your admissions decisions, the easier it becomes to let that stress consume you. We encourage you to acknowledge it, embrace it, and then let it go. This is your last semester of high school, and your primary responsibility is to enjoy every remaining minute of this journey before you embark on the next. Think about how you answered question 11a on our application (what do you do purely for fun?). Try to fill your days with that, and decisions will be here before you know it. I was going to post some riddles to help you keep your mind off decisions, but then I realized that decades of MIT students have put a lot of energy into doing it for me. If you by any chance like to solve puzzles purely for fun, I recommend you explore the Mystery Hunt archives. This year’s Mystery Hunt set at least two records: it was the longest hunt, at 73 hours and 18 minutes, and it also included the longest team name, the complete text of Atlas Shrugged, which ended up winning the hunt. Hunt evolved from a chess game in 1981. It happens over Martin Luther King, Jr., weekend during IAP. Teams of people at MIT and people who just like puzzles solve puzzles all weekend long. Some of the puzzles are about languages, some of the puzzles are about songs, some of the puzzles are about math, and some of the puzzles require that you knit something. Some of the puzzles reveal more puzzles. There are metapuzzles, which are puzzles of puzzles, and there are also puzzles of puzzles of puzzles. At the end of the weekend, the puzzles culminate in an on-campus run-around puzzle to find a coin. Mystery Hunt is a big deal at Random Hall. A friend of mine told me that Hunt is why she moved to Random, and that it was also one of the reasons she came to MIT. During Hunt, our dorm population increases from 93 to about 150. There’s a special headquarters within the dorm for reporting results, a special web site to facilitate communication throughout the team, and a special team of undergrads who cook a meal every six hours to accommodate round-the-clock puzzling. This year’s Mystery Hunt is posted online here. If you’re looking for a place to start, below is a puzzle I enjoyed and worked on with my friend Catherine O. ‘12 (but didn’t end up solving), Czar Cycle: None of us know Greek, one of us knows English, and the two of us know Russian, but we still cant understand this message. Some other puzzles that alumni have particularly enjoyed are X2 from 2008 and Resolutions from 2009 (the solutions are not solutionsâ€"they are part of the puzzle). You can also check out the  decisions blog post I wrote last year, which is more insightful than this one and has links to more distractions. In addition, here are some kittens I found on the Internet playing with a Newton’s cradle, because when I’m stressed out I don’t actually do puzzles, I look at kittens. Inhale. Exhale. You can do this. Everything will be wonderful. Post Tagged #Mystery Hunt

The Main Function of Religion According to Sociological...

The Main Function of Religion According to Sociological Arguments Many sociologists believe that the main function of religion is to provide people with a code of conduct, which regulates personal and social life. There are two main theories to what role religion plays within society. One of these theories is the Marxist theory. Marxism sees society as superstructure. They believe that society isn’t peaceful and is based on conflict and exploitation. Religion makes this society justify inequality and maintains ruling class domination. Karl Marx believed religion is a form of social â€Å"opium† which dulls oppressive pain and provides hope to the working class people who are being exploited.†¦show more content†¦In South America, Liberation Theology is one of the fastest growing and most popular interpretation of Christianity. It is the idea that people can be made free through religion. Until recently the catholic church was seen as an oppressive force, not helping out those who suffered under the injustices of some Latin American governments. However, more recently Roman Catholic priests have helped people to change the situation that they are in. Functionalists also agree with the statement. They have a large approach on society and link it towards the human body, which includes religion as a main function in society. They believe religion performs vital functions to balance society and creates the basis of the norms and values of society. This therefore according to functionalists promotes social order. Emile Durkheim suggested that religion was sacred and treated with respect, this creates a social community which give out morals. He believed that religion helped to promote social solidarity and that religious buildings, for example churches helped to bring the community together by making each member feel warm and welcome. He also talked about religion reinforcing the collective conscience; this is done by taking part in church services which renew their commitment to religion, moral beliefs and values. This shows thatShow MoreRelatedEssay on Perspectives of Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx1215 Words   |  5 Pagesserves a function in society and his main concern to discover what that function was. On the other hand Karl Marx, a conflict theorist, stresses that society is a complex system characterized by inequality and conflict that generate social change. Both Durkheim and Marx were concerned with the characteristics of groups and structures rather than with individuals. The functionalist perspective in society is a view of society that focuses on the way various parts of society have functions, or possibleRead MoreEssay about Emile Durkheim vs Karl Marx1216 Words   |  5 Pagesserves a function in society and his main concern to discover what that function was. On the other hand Karl Marx, a conflict theorist, stresses that society is a complex system characterized by inequality and conflict that generate social change. Both Durkheim and Marx were concerned with the characteristics of groups and structures rather than with individuals. The functionalist perspective in society is a view of society that focuses on the way various parts of society have functions, or possibleRead MoreReligion As A Cultural System1601 Words   |  7 PagesSociologists define religion as a cultural system of commonly shared beliefs and rituals that provides a sense of ultimate meaning and purpose by creating an idea of reality that is sacred, all-encompassing and supernatural (Durkheim in Giddens 2006 p.534). Religion can be viewed as a lifestyle or culture for some people: This culture entails united beliefs, the same values, customs and philosophies that generates a shared distinctiveness among a group of people. 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However, researchers in this area have never felt the need to have a definition to carry out their research. Religion is a somewhat different concept of economy, politics or history and the difficulty of defining it comes from the fact that these are not index terms but rather general concepts thatRead MoreEvolution of Americas Party System Essay2494 Words   |  10 PagesIn Political Parties and Party Systems, Alan Ware summarizes the two main competing theories that attempt to explain party systems. First, the Sociological approach and then the Institutional approach. In order to comprehend his analysis it is necessary to realize that party systems are in a constant state of evolution, they do not remain stagnant. This evolution may, at times, be imperceptible and at others very noticeable, such as during a revolution; but the change is undoubtedly occurring. ItRead More The Features of Durkheims Social Realism Essay2616 Words   |  11 PagesDurkheim is a highly influential name to remember when thinking of sociology. Durkheim’s mission was to develop sociology so it could be de fined and to develop a method on how sociology should be used. Durkheim’s main concern in his career was primarily associated with how societies might preserve their integrity and rationality within modernised society, when things such as shared religious views and ethnic backgrounds are seen as things of the past. In relation to Durkheim’s social realism hisRead MoreDefinition Of A Social Institution1281 Words   |  6 PagesMechanical solidarity is spread among simpler societies where people share homogeneous work, education, and religion (Émile Durkheim, 1893). The economy is one of the society’s oldest institution. As people and civilizations develop, the economy develops as well. And as people and civilizations that are separated from each other by long distances, various types of economic systems arise and function differently, that is noted in the textbook ‘Introduction to sociology’ (400). Economic systems AmericanRead MoreThe Main Theme Of Steve Bruce s God Is Dead2174 Words   |  9 PagesThe main theme of Steve Bruce’s God is Dead is about secularisation. In this book he argues that secularisation is not a single notion and goes on to explore the many factors he believes has contributed to secularisation. Bruce takes a sociological point of view as he draws on tradition starting from Durkheim and Weber to more recent sociologist such as Martin and Niebuhr. Bruce states that the aim of the first chapter is to ‘clear the way for sensible debate about secularisation’ (2002: p.1) andRead MoreThere Has Been A Growing Gap Between The Rich And Poor1562 Words   |  7 Pagesrich and the poor. This essay will look into two articles, firstly it will analyze the disparity of wealth between rich and poor in United States. This essay will also try to explain why there is so much inequality by using different sociological theories. According to the Bloomberg (2017) article the gap between the rich and poor in US is widening, the report states, â€Å"the difference in annual income between households in the top 20 percent and those in the bottom 20 percent -- ballooned by $29,200

Pre K Child Development And Interaction - 1671 Words

Pre-K: Child-Development and Interaction Gaitri Tulsie Central Connecticut State University Pre-K: Child-development and Interaction The interaction a preschooler has with the surrounding environment, whether it be physical or social, has a significant impact on the child’s development. Ramani (2012), had taken a look at playful environment versus a structured environment to see which one benefited children more when it came to social interaction and joint problem solving. The interaction shown in the experiment showed that a playful environment benefits children more because they are free to communicate and interact with other children, they were more observant of their environment, would imitate more to get their point across, and were overall more positive. Denham, Bassett, Zisser, and Wyatt (2014) evaluated the child’s engagement with the surrounding physical and social environment, along with taking a look at the ways social-emotional learning can predict how academically ready the children are. The interaction the child has with the environment around th em can help to promote cognitive development. In order to look at the interaction children had with the environment and if it helps promote cognitive development, my two partners and I went to observe and score The Early Learning Program (ELP) and a class at Lincoln School. The scoring system we used was from the Early Childhood Rating Scale-Revised (Harmes, Clifford, Cryer, 2005), whichShow MoreRelatedHigh Quality Universal Pre K Can Reduce Achievement Gaps For Minority And Low Income Children1045 Words   |  5 PagesPolicy Brief Outline Professor Tim Gaffaney PolS 301 Erin Brannan High-Quality Universal Pre-K can reduce achievement gaps for minority and low-income children To: Barbara Boxer From: Erin Brannan Date: May 1, 2016 Re: High-Quality Universal Pre-K can reduce achievement gaps for minority and low-income children Statement of Issue: Many minority children and children from low-income families enter kindergarten without the academic skills they need to succeed. Math and reading abilities at kindergartenRead MoreThe Importance Of Building A Strong Literary Foundation For Children Beginning As Possible852 Words   |  4 Pagesin kindergarten you can tell if they’ve had a good quality pre-K program or been in a home or daycare center. It makes a difference if they’ve already had a lot of academic foundation.†(Percy, 2014, p. 2) Studies have shown that children learn more quickly when they receive constant interaction and support from the people around them. If a child is not being raised in an environment that is â€Å"language rich and filled with adult interactions with reading and writing for real purposes† (Vacca, et alRead MoreChild Care Is The Better Option For A Child s Development1233 Words   |  5 Pagesoption for a child’s development. Child care centers were just a place where a child was left and watched for the day. In recent years, the roles of child care centers have changed. Care Center employees become caregivers and are now able to teach much need skills in learning and social readiness. Child care center provide educational programs that develop cognitive, language, social, and emotional skills as well as promotes school readiness for children from infancy to pre-school age. A lack ofRead MoreKeep and Eppe1023 Words   |  5 PagesEffective Provision of Pre-school Education (EPPE) The effective provision of pre-school education (EPPE) project is a longitudinal study that investigates the care and development of young children from age three to seven years. It focuses on the effects of children in different types of preschool provision and concentrates on their intellectual, social and behavioural characteristics. It also focuses on factors affecting the child’s development such as interaction between child, family and theirRead More Communication Patterns of Children During Conflict Essay examples1558 Words   |  7 Pageschildren. Conflict can block the ongoing communication process. On account of blocking communication, conflict jeopardizes the authenticity of conditions of sociality, and this often leads to considering conflict destructive. 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We learned the five types of play, Parten talks about in her article, which are Solitary Play, Onlooker Play, Parallel Play, Associative Play, and Cooperative Play. In addition, Parten also found that different ages correlate to the type of play preschool children engage in. For example, older preschoolRead MoreFinding an Affordable Childcare Program1126 Words   |  5 PagesECE 205 Introduction to Child Development Sharon L Johnson Katherine Palichuk March 8, 2013 School Searching Introduction Hello Kim, I would like to help you find a quality, affordable childcare program that would ease your concern with your son development with vocabulary, social, and motor skills.   In this letter, I plan to address, three things you should look for in a childcare environment that supports yourRead MoreEssay about Vygotskys Zone of Proximal Development764 Words   |  4 Pageshave an obligation to meet the needs of learners with differing levels of ability, knowledge, understanding, pre-exposure and background using a variety of strategies including scaffolding. Teacher’s also need to consider the varying speed at which students learn, and then be able to provide for all learners regardless of their learning pace and ability as well as understanding the development of a learner’s understanding in education environments and then being able to adapt the learning activities

Top Rogerian Essay Topics Choices

Top Rogerian Essay Topics Choices If so, Harvard format is the thing to do. When students are writing their argumentative essays which must find, read and analyze plenty of material to do good. Many students find it hard to present a controversial topic utilizing a neutral language. You'll end up lost without having the ability to make an argument and develop it correctly. When you are requested to pick a great topic for your argument, start with something you're familiarized with. At the exact same time, it also ought to be simple to research, that way you'll discover evidence to support claims you make. Depending on the intricacy of the matter, the degree to which people are broken up about it, and the points you wish to argue, any component of a Rogerian argument can be expanded. When you would like to deal with an emotional and controversial issue and whenever your audience will probably be threatened by your ideas, you will likely not be successful if making your claim in the debut of your essay (or verbal argument). As an issue of fact, the content of your essay is dependent on what you're likely to write about. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's critical to at all times be critically contemplating the world around us. Argumentative essays are a few of the best that you can write as a student. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. You devote a whole lot of education on writing argumentative essays. Before actually beginning to compose your essay, you have to pick an issue to write about. Young writers may try simple on-line citation generators which are normally at no cost. If you decide to be an independent essay writer, you can expect the exact same. Instead of just immediately writing about your argumentative essay topic, you should first think about what you're likely to put back on your paper through a procedure of brainstorming and pre-writing. Since you may see, there's a multitude of different argumentative paper titles you are able to utilize. Well, grading papers can be rather dull. What You Don't Know About Rogerian Essay Topics Argumentative essay is about arguing and debating on a subject, which is debatable. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. Researching the topic will permit you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you truly like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Choosing topics for argumentative essays is important for your general success. Odds are, all you have to do is relax and locate a topic you're passionate about and, obviously, one that's debatable. Our experts are prepared to help you compose a top-quality Rogerian argument essay on any topic you select. Deciding on your topic isn't that easy. Facts, finally, will always win out against how folks are feeling at a specific moment. You should make people change their mind, and that's a very challenging undertaking! There's something for everybody in here. When you're picking your topic, remember that it's much simpler to write about something which you presently have interest ineven in case you don't know a great deal about it. Characteristics of Rogerian Essay Topics A superb topic will allow it to be simpler to pursue the purpose of an argumentative essay, which is, apparently, the whole investigation of the problem you speak about. The next portion of your intro is devoted to offering some comprehensive background information on your topic. One particu lar important and appropriate subject is technology. There's no obvious right or wrong answer when it has to do with using torture to get information. Look at the world today, search via the internet and appear at news articles too there's inspiration everywhere. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good notion to start out with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. It is far easier whenever the topic has an emotional background. Anyway, below, you'll find topic that are ideal for both circumstances. Basically, the Rogerian problem-solving approach reconceptualizes our goals once we argue. The target of such essays isn't to demonstrate your knowledge, yet to exhibit the important thinking and analytical skills. In many professional contexts, respectful argumentation is the thing that leads to the growth of new thoughts and perspectives. The intent of assigning an essay to middle school students is to make awareness and permit them to develop writing skills. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Rogerian Essay Topics Is Wrong Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper can help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. It is essential that the author recognize the simple fact that people may not agree with his view. If it's necessary to compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. Bear in mind you may make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things.

Limelight free essay sample

I sit in the dimmed auditorium of my high school, peering up at the students on the stage with a boulder in my stomach. Clutching the three pages of my poem in my sweaty palms, I tell myself that I can do this. I have read this poem before, probably several hundred times. I have even read it out loud to other people. There is nothing to be afraid of, I think to myself, there is no way I can fail. Failure is something that is hardly unfamiliar to me. Throughout my life, I have failed at many things. I never became a pop star, as my eight-year-old self had hoped; I did not even end up singing in the school chorus. I was never good at soccer or softball, or any sport involving hand-eye coordination for that matter (which is why, to this day, I am solely a runner). I have, time and again, listened to my friends brag about their extensive understanding of chemical bonds while I look down at my textbook in frustration. We will write a custom essay sample on Limelight or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As your average seventeen year old high school student, failure has become a constant in my life, and something I have learned to accept. It’s similar to getting your books knocked out of your hands. You bend down to pick them up, stand and adjust your hold, only to drop them once again just a few steps ahead. But this time, in this auditorium, I was convinced I would emerge triumphant, books in hand. When my sophomore English teacher asked me to read at my high school’s first annual poetry slam, I had agreed, a bit incredulous. I was proud of my poem, of course, but I had not imagined that it would ever see an audience larger than my English class. Written on a whim for an assignment I now could not remember, my â€Å"Woes of a Wise Fool† was satirical and exaggerated. For three pages, I fretted over grades, homework – and failure. It was whiny, it was annoying, and I wasn’t sure that it would captivate an audience over the age of seventeen. Never theless, my teacher insisted it be read, and so I reluctantly agreed. Now, as my name is called with the next group of students, I rise and inhale deeply. My stomach is an ocean and the dinner I ate an hour ago a fleet of boats, tossing and turning in the turbulent waves. They beat against my stomach walls stronger and faster until I am there standing in front of the microphone. Suddenly an intense calm washes over me. The waves subside, and I launch into my poem. The first two pages go well, my poem is a break from the otherwise serious content of the evening, and as I read, I can hear the audience responding positively, laughing and gasping in all the right places. As I turn to the last page, however, I come to a screeching halt. These are not the final lines of my poem that I see on the page, but the middle of another student’s poem. Somehow, my teacher had not handed me my complete poem. I look at the audience, expectantly awaiting my next words. But there is nothing I ca n say except, â€Å"This is not my poem.† The next few minutes rush by me in a nauseating blur: as I am ushered offstage, my teacher flits over to me, apologizing incessantly and hopping about like a chickadee; a new copy of my poem is thrust into my hands. The paper burns the tips of my fingers vengefully, daring me to climb back on stage. At that very moment, I cannot imagine standing in front of the audience once again. Something I had thought to be so foolproof has still managed to find a way to fall down around me. The pages continue to simmer in my hands, and my name is called from the podium. My heart races as I glance down at the final page of my poem, which is now familiar to me: â€Å"Out on the open road there are no tests, Except for maybe whether to turn Right or left? And whether I choose right or left, There’s really no way I can fail Because either path will lead To a whole new adventure.† Without looking back, I ascend the stairs to the stage, pages firmly in hand.

Macbeth/Ultimately Responsible For His Downfall Essays -

Macbeth/Ultimately Responsible For His Downfall William Shakespeare's Macbeth is a tragedy about a war hero named Macbeth, who follows his ambition with evil and who is repaid with evil. Macbeth has influenced many works of literature through its conflicts between good and evil; heroes and villains; loyalty and treachery; and ambition and morality. In the story, Macbeth is ultimately responsible for the actions that lead to his fate. Although the witches' predictions are responsible for influencing Macbeth's thoughts, no one tells Macbeth to kill Duncan. Macbeth is responsible for putting power into the hands of Lady Macbeth and letting her influence him. Finally, Macbeth acknowledges his guilt of wrongdoing and is thereby responsible for his actions. Macbeth's ambitions spur him on to follow an unstated yet clearly understood plan to kill Duncan. Although the witches' predictions initiate Macbeth's desire to become king, no one tells him to kill Duncan. When the second prophecy becomes a reality, Macbeth immediately thinks of murdering Duncan. ?I am of Cawdor: / If good, why do I yield to that suggestion / Whose image doth unfix my hair? (I, iii, 143-145). For the first time in the story, we see a dark side to the brave and courageous Macbeth. Macbeth sees himself kill his ruler. Macbeth is horrified by the idea but his thoughts of going after his destiny still remain. Another example of Macbeth's early thoughts of treachery occurs when Duncan formally names his son Malcom as his successor. ?Stars, hide your fires; / Let not light see my black and deep desires: / The eye wink at the hand! yet let that be, /? (I, iv, 57-59). Macbeth is vexed at the Duncan's choice of successor and wishes to overleap the situation with murder. No one helps Macbeth's thoughts to prepare for the murder of Duncan. It is Macbeth and Macbeth only wh o is responsible for his own ambitions. Macbeth is eager to become king and wishes to reach his goal by any means, even if this means letting himself be influenced by others. Macbeth is responsible for putting power into the hands of Lady Macbeth and letting her influence him. Lady Macbeth tries to persuade Macbeth to kill Duncan but it is Macbeth who listens to her demands. ?This night's great business into my dispatch; / Which shall to all our nights and days to come / Give solely sovereign sway and masterdom? (I, v, 75-77). Macbeth could have told his Lady to stop her plans. Instead, he lets himself be influenced. Macbeth puts power into the hands of Lady Macbeth by letting her arrange Duncan's murder. ?Will it not be received, / When we have mark'd with blood those sleepy two / Of his own chamber, and used their very daggers, / That they have done't (I, vii, 82-85). Macbeth agrees with the plan, determined to win the throne. If Macbeth truly did not want to commit evil, he could have refused his Lady's arrangements. Instead, Macbeth accepts the plans and goes further by asking Lady Macbeth to ?mock the time with fairest show? (I, vii, 91). Although so metimes Macbeth wants the murder of Duncan, other times his thoughts show the contrary. Macbeth recognizes the thoughts of killing Ducan are immoral. Macbeth's is conscious that is thoughts are evil, yet he does nothing to correct the situation. ?My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, / Shakes so my single state of man that function / Is smother'd in surmise; and nothing is / But what is not? (I, iii, 149-152). If Macbeth were mentally deranged he would not be responsible for the outcome of his actions. However, Macbeth shows that he has a conscience and that he can differentiate good from evil. In privacy, Macbeth re-thinks his plans to kill Duncan. Macbeth, reveals that he knows what he is about to do is immoral, and that justice will be repay him with evil. ?We still have judgment here; that we but teach Bloody instructions, which being taught return To plague the inventor: this even-handed justice Commends the ingredients of our poison'd chalice To our own lips. He's here in double trust: First, as I am his kinsman and his subject, Strong both against the deed: then, as his

History Term Paper

History Term Paper History Term Paper The subject I have chosen to research cause and effects on the 21st century is the Industrial Revolution. I believe this was a huge turning point in our advancement as a race but like everything else in life this also created future problems. I’m hoping to learn more of about what directly influenced some of the daily activities I go through in my day to day life. Are some of the things I take for granted here because of the revolution? Life was dramatically different back at the height of the revolution and I feel as if it created a snowball effect for even more technological and machinery advancements. Something as simple as taking the car to the gas station and buying a soda would be impossible had the revolution not occurred. The industrial revolution began in the late 1700’s and brought force new methods of production, chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, and improved the efficiency of water use. Before the revolution, everything was done b y hand which made production exhaustingly slow and material production such as cotton just could not keep up with demand. This was until 1764 James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny. The flying shuttle invention before the spinning jenny helped the Jenny in becoming a success. Now more yarn could be used in a shorter time period at a lower cost. The ability to produce vast amounts of cotton materials made it much more profitable hence a new market would soon exist. Since clothes used to be made from hand and made specifically for the person purchasing them, they were rather expensive, and often had to be made at home. This meant poor people never had new clothes. Due to the invention of the spinning Jenny clothes became more available with lower prices. Now in the 21st century you can purchase various amounts of clothing for any activity you partake in at very low prices. Clothes are so widely available; you can buy a suit for a couple thousand dollars, or go to a disco unt clothing store or even a thrift shop and pay anywhere from twenty to only a couple hundred dollars. The prices of clothing vary almost as much as how many types of clothing are available. There is even clothing stores specifically for one type of clothing. Everyone used to dress the same for reasons mentioned earlier and that was the normal thing, two centuries later clothing can be used as a way to express yourself. One of the most monumental changes brought force from the industrial revolution was the creation of the middle class. No longer was it the rich and healthy living amongst the poor and starving. The middle class, the â€Å"working class† came about once factories were created for the mass production of materials and goods. The factories created a lot of jobs for the people which led to beginning of modern cities. All this progress led to healthier living conditions which meant a longer lifespan for people and the population of England nearly doubled in the 50 year span between 1800-1850. Although the chances of living longer were much higher the ability to survive childhood was the most difficult. Child labor was harsh, having kids use their small arms and hands to fix machinery resulted in many injuries. Overtime rules and regulations changed and child labor was no more. In the 21st century our cities have only grown more advanced. Cities like New York, Chicago and Boston would not exist had it been for urbanization during the revolution. People are now protected by law at their place of employment to avoid cruel and unfair workplaces. Children start school at a young age and are not allowed to enter the workforce until they are at least 14 with a workers permit. The factories and creation of industry shaped the modern world we live in today. The agricultural advancements made in the industrial revolution have led to us not having to depend on growing our own food for survival. Everything, literally everything we could ever need and want is History Term Paper History Term Paper History is a subject that is of utmost importance in terms of our existence. All the nations who are successful today have embraced their history and those nations who do not keep their history in their minds do not keep the capability to be successful. History should not be forgotten, it teaches us ways, which we should adopt to lead a successful life. History is like a lesson for us. Whatever is done in history can happen again and we can opt for a suitable way in the light of our knowledge related to history. In history, we have major wars of the world and of our countries, which brought enough destruction and every side lost due to their own misjudgements and lack of expertise, we also have natural destructions for whom we have not prepared ourselves before, we have historical characters who got good reputation on the basis of their hard work and struggle and many other events. For the subject of history, you have to write different history term papers such as American history te rm paper, European history term paper, US history term paper, England history term paper, German history term paper, French history term paper, Italian history term paper, Christian history term paper, world history term paper and many others. Now the question arises, how to write a history term paper? Writing a term paper on history needs your vast knowledge related to the world history. You are required to know all about the history term paper topics that are assigned to you to write history term papers. How can you gain all the necessary knowledge? Search through libraries, through internet websites, through bookstores, through academic shops, through previous news clippings, through journals, research papers, articles, case studies, term papers and dissertations written by authorized writers. By searching through all the available resources, we will be able to gain the required information for the term paper on history that you are going to write. For writing art history term paper or any other history term paper, remember to divide your history term paper ideas in different sections and paragraphs because these paragraphs will make your history term paper comprehensible and likable. Readers will have no difficulty in going through your written history term papers if you arrange your thoughts in multiple paragraphs but each paragraph should contain only one idea. More than one idea will spoil the comprehensiveness of your paragraphs along with your history term paper. Some term paper tips as for how to write a term paper you can find visiting our blog. If your have some difficulty in writing history term papers, you can also buy history term paper from custom term paper companies, which are there for your assistance.

Leadership Course Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership Course - Assignment Example It should be noted that all these posts are about leadership. Patti Besuner notes that the leadership course reinforced ethical responsibilities especially in line with moral leadership (Cameron, 2012). It is a fact that leaders should be morally upright and responsible since they usually tend to be role models to numerous personalities in the society. Therefore, according to Besuner, â€Å"A leader must care about and demonstrate concern for employees if optimal organizational productivity is to be achieved†. It is worth noting that Besuner leadership knowledge was geared to reflect how an organization, employees, society, and a nation should relate (Brammer, Jackson, & Mattens, 2012). Notably, this concern is vital since each of these groups must be answerable to another for effective, efficient, and smooth coexistence. From this post, it is apparent the leader acknowledged the roles of effective leadership as being effective for the coexistence of human being within a socie tal setup. Jones’ first post concentrated on the understanding of different aspects of leadership. He notes that leadership has ever been described in different concepts that lead to different types of leadership. For instance, Susan D. DeVore’s to leadership skills in the healthcare industry and to the same effect she is the current premier healthcare alliance CEO and president. Jones noted that DeVore has effective leadership skills that include transformation, system thinking, and collaborative techniques.

Statistics Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Statistics Coursework - Essay Example t in this study, there is a bias when it comes to the representation of gender in such a way that only 5 females were selected and participants were only restricted to university students ages between 18 and 25 years old. Devane et al (2004) noted in their study that health care researchers should consider carefully the inherent aspect to estimate the sample size of the study. This consideration is important to avoid possible errors in the study. Inappropriate techniques employed by researchers provide the risk of misinterpreting the findings due biased samples. The previous research study was restricted by time, sample size and volunteers, it is therefore necessary to use a large sample size population composed of 200 male and female populations (100 male and 100 female). The test population should be randomly selected. To equally distribute the test population and to avoid any biases, the population should include 50 female ranging from 18 to 49 years of age and 50 female population ages 50 years old and above as well as 50 male population ranging from 18 t0 49 years of age and 50 male population ages 50 years old and above. The conclusion of the research study will be greatly affected if there is a big difference in proportion than the one that is used in the power calculation. As the power increases, the chances to have an error will decrease. Hence, studies with bigger difference are statistically significant. In contrast, studies having smaller difference may not be statistically significant. In a typical manner, research design evaluations must have an 80% - 90% power, and this would mean that the data gathered and the statistical method that would be used allows one to conclude that the intervention employed by the researcher is effective. Moreover, it was noted that the larger the sample size, the larger is the power and the variation in the outcome measure will be less (Larsson 2001). The test population who will volunteer for the study are the locals

The Theme Of Alienation Loneliness And Selfhood English Literature Essay

The Theme Of Alienation Loneliness And Selfhood English Literature Essay In Krapps last tape, Krapp systematically distanced himself from companionship and love of other people. When Krapp was twenty nine years old, he lived with a woman named Bianca, whose love he later described as a hopeless business despite the fact that she truly loved him and possessed very warm eyes that always seemed to impress him (Beckett 54). After the death of his mother when Krapp was only thirty nine, he felt that life had lost meaning. This is evident from the words he said to his new love that it was hopeless and there was nothing positive about life. He rejected his lover and completely lived alone from this time onwards, although he was sometimes visited by Fanny, who was a bony old ghost of whore (Beckett 98). At the age of sixty nine, Krapp was only accompanied by his loneliness during his birthday celebration, whereby he spent the day in a pub deeply occupied by heavy thoughts of his past life and his lost chance for love and fulfilled life (Beckett 67). Krapps last tape is a compact statement of a mans predicament as a prisoner of time. He preserved the worst for himself and threw the best away by rejecting love of others. At the age of sixty nine, the only thing he could do was to play a tape he made when he was thirty nine, reminding him of the last love that he rejected when he still had potential for happiness in life (Beckett 89). Krapp was a lonely man, whose isolation was self inflicted. He viewed women as bad influence and valued his career as a writer more than any human companionship or relationship. He confessed that he could not withstand the thought of his future career as a writer being interfered with by women and love (Beckett 89). Krapp chose a tape recorder to be his sole companionship. He seemed to find comfort in recorded voice, which he faithfully listened to, even in old age. However, although Krapp lived like he did not need anyones company, he seems to have been inwardly desperate to have someone to engage in a conversation. He eventually discovered that he had made a terrible mistake by forsaking the rest of humanity (Beckett 130). Loneliness, selfishness and selfhood are clearly illustrated throughout Krapps character and way of life. He never found satisfaction in life even after selfishly living a lonely life that he had chosen to live and he realized that the selfhood that he had discovered had truly misled him. He realized that he needed other people and the rest of the world in order to be fulfilled but it was already too late. In Kate Chopins story of an hour, Mrs. Mallard went through feelings of relief as soon as she received the bad news of her husbands death, which was said to have occurred in a train accident. Although at first she was sorrowful and confused by the news of her husbands death, she was suddenly relieved by the thought of being free from marriage and slavery of love. She knew that no amount of love and security could pay the lack of control over her own existence (Chopins 194). Mrs. Mallard seemed to have been controlled by society, pretending to be happy and fulfilled in her marriage. As molded by the society, she appeared to be a perfect wife, who enjoyed companionship of her husband and loved being a wife. She suppressed her true selfhood and sacrificed her delight to please the society, pretending to be happily married. As expressed in her reaction and sigh of relief when she heard the news of her husbands death, it is quite evident that she had always inwardly struggled with her marriage to Mr. Bently Mallard, that was dominated by male chauvinism. Feminism shown through freedom upon her husbands death explains her happiness and relief to be alone, free from bondage of marriage and love (Chopin 193). Her own feelings of freedom came back possessing her when she first uttered the words free, free! In this story, Mrs. Mallard is described as a woman who had forgotten and abandoned herself throughout the entire period of marriage to her husband. The husband is described as being happy with the marriage, despite the fact that Mrs. Mallard was not happy and inwardly viewed the marriage as slavery. Her emotions had been stiffled and and suppressed to fit into hollow social conventions of the society. She was the submissive woman, who believed that her husband had a right to impose his will on her (Jamil 216). However, she suddenly gained control over herself after discovering that she had been set free from bondage of marriage and slavery of love by the death of her husband. She embraced visions of a bright future and realized that whether she had loved him or not was not important anymore, all what was important to her now was the possession of self assertion that she experienced afte r his death. (Choppin 193, 194). This was the nineteenth century American womans hour of awakening into selfhood, which gives her immesurable joy and beauty of life. (Jamil 215). Her happiness after discovery of her selfhood was so strong that when she realized that her husband was not dead, she immediately collapsed. She could not imagine how she was going to abandon her new found freedom and return to life with her husband, where she would be required to bend her will to his. Mrs. Mallard preferred to live alone, without her husband because that meant freedom to her just like Mr. Krapp chose to live alone and viewed women and love as a hopeless business. To him, they would interfere with his freedom of pursuing his writing career, while to Mrs. Mallard, the presence of her husband was a permanent bondage to slavery that had taken away her freedom and selfhood. The story of a sorrowful woman by Gail Godwin depicts a wife and a mother who gradually withdrew from her family after becoming overwhelmed by her husbands and childs presence and completely shut them out of her life. Their presence was a daily reminder of the fact that she had lost her freedom as well as her self- identity and her life would never be the same again (Godwin 78). She wanted her freedom and her self -identity back. She wanted to stay away from her husband, her child and the rest of the community and live a lonely life because to her that would be more fulfilling, just like Mr. Krapp. She viewed marriage as a source of pain, that had taken away her identity, her selfhood and her freedom. She further wanted to stay away from the society that advocated for marriage and therefore decided to live a lonely life. However, what she considered as freedom and selfhood did not give her the fulfillment that she had longed to have. Her dissatisfaction with her role as a mother and a dutiful wife made her to try many other alternatives in life but she did not find satisfaction in any of the options that she tried out. She did not find any particular role that could suit her and therefore she ended up withdrawing from the rest of the world. This is illustrated by the coldness and isolation of the undecorated white room that she moved into. She even pictured herself as a virgin in a tower, untouchable and profoundly isolated (Goldwin 117). This shows that she had not only isolated herself physically from her family and the rest of the world but also emotionally thus making herself an outsider looking in on the world. She viewed her family as source of bondage, slavery and dissatisfaction in life. However, isolating herself from the rest of the society did not give her any satisfaction like she had expected. She only ended up being a lonely woman, both physically and emotionally. The theme of alienation, selfhood and loneliness cut across the three stories discussed. The three main characters in the stories viewed family as a source of bondage, limitations and dissatisfaction in life. It is portrayed as a form of slavery that would tie women and men to their families and take away their freedom as well as their selfhood. These stories portray traditional marriages whereby women are supposed to be submissive to their husbands and be good home makers as unfulfilling and undermining to women. The women discussed here are seemingly tired of living under bondage and slavery of their husbands and the entire society and are looking for liberation and freedom. They want to rediscover themselves and find more fulfilling roles that define them and give them a voice as useful members of the society. They can no longer stand the idea of being dominated by society as well as by their husbands as clearly observed when Mrs. Mallard collapsed on discovering the truth that he r husband was truly alive and not dead as it had been reported. On the other hand freedom in these stories is categorically accompanied by loneliness and lack of fulfillment as portrayed by Krapp and Godwin. The woman in Godwins story did not find any satisfaction in her loneliness after abandoning her family and the society at large. Her freedom brought more emotional and physical dissatisfaction as she tried to rediscover herself and even to assign her new roles, which only tormented her mental and emotionally, causing even more pain to her life. After spending all his life alone with the tape recorder as his sole companion, Krapp finally came to his senses and realized that he had actually ruined his own life because he was lonely and desperate for companion. He realized that listening to the tape recorder alone could not give him the delight and the fulfillment that he had longed to have in his entire life. However, it was already too late as he was already an old man.

Electoral Basis Of The Two-par :: essays research papers

In the article â€Å"Electoral Basis of the Two Party System† by Maurice Duverger, the political party systems are dissected and looked at from many points of view. Democratic countries can have the political party system range from a two party system, such as the one in the United States, to a many party system, such as the party system in France and Italy. This article also gives the specific views of those few people whom are opposed to the political party systems as well as those few that are for the political party systems. In speaking of those that are in opposition to the political party system, many views and opinions are expressed. The political party system is called a party oligarchy because of the way the election process occurs. The article says, â€Å"The party oligarchy is widened without ever becoming a democracy, for the election is carried out by the members, who are a minority in comparison with those who give their votes to the party in general elections.† Duverger also states that parties usually tend to create an opinion formed by propaganda and improper procedure, such as the ballot procedure. In conclusion, â€Å"the party system is less a photograph of opinion is a projection of the party system.† According to this statement, Duverger expresses that â€Å"the general development of parties tries to emphasize their deviation from the democratic regime [which is a mode of system of rule or government].† The electoral processes are gradually losing ground in the appointment of leaders by nomination or co-option. Because of this fact, â€Å"discipline among members is tightened both by these material means and by an even greater effort of propaganda and persuasion which leads them to venerate the Party and its leaders and to believe in their infallibility.† This statement leads others to believe that a system without political parties would be better for the country as well as for the governmental system of that particular country. Democracy was built on the basis of the eighteenth-century philosophical ideas, which the experts think is true and justifiable. Duverger states that all governments are oligarchic, which means the domination of many by the few. Governments of all types imply discipline, which means â€Å"All discipline is imposed from without: ‘self-discipline’ is itself the result of education, which implies a prior external discipline, and is always very limited.† After looking at a few things that are wrong with governments and why the political party system should be non-existent, â€Å"true democracy is something different, more modest but more real.

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Men's employment status is still their main source of self-worth (Bronzed and Herrmann 1999; Broodier 2001; Connell 2002; Hear 2004), and thus advertising, which aims to convince men that they should take consumption more seriously needs to place commodities in the context of public achievement – particularly if these also involve purchases for the sterilization of men's own bodies, their personal appearance and the personal realm in general.Yet, even the growing impact of male lifestyle magazines – mainly addressing younger men – has not been totally successful in persuading mainstream adult men that they should consume in a more conspicuous way: on the one hand more like women, yet still distinctively as ‘real' men. Therefore, advertising uses all tricks of the trade to masculine its products through its promotional appeals, to invoice the male target group that it Is no longer enough Just to be a man and act like a man: the message is that men must demon strate and legitimate dominant status by masculine ways of consumption (Williamson 1986; Nixon 2003, Gristle 1998).In her study of popular media from a feminist perspective, van Zone maintains that as a cultural form, ‘advertising displays a preoccupation with gender that Is hardly matched In any genre' (1994: 67). Referring to Saffron's seminal work of 1979 on gender and advertisements, van Zone underlines the obsession with gender which is typical for advertising as a form of popular culture: ‘This obsession Is said to spring from the â€Å"signifying power† of gender.Advertisements and commercials need to convey meaning within limited space and time and will therefore exploit symbols that are relevant and salient to society as a whole. As one of the most deeply felt elements of subjectivity and the social structure, gender provides such symbols most effectively (1994: 67). The typical conventions In advertisements addressing either men or women reflect he struc tural gendered differences based on the private/public dichotomy.Stereotypically, female audiences are addressed with fantasies of Woman as body, as object or provider of physical pleasure for others, whether In sexualities or non- sexualities ways. The personal, Intimate context and the care for self or other are always emphasized, either 220 Martha convince the male target group that it is no longer enough Just to be a man and act status by masculine ways of consumption (Williamson 1986; Nixon 2003, Sureties hat as a cultural form, ‘advertising displays a preoccupation with gender that is hardly matched in any genre' (1994: 67).Referring to Saffron's seminal work of 1979 which is typical for advertising as a form of popular culture: ‘This obsession is said to The typical conventions in advertisements addressing either men or women reflect the structural gendered differences based on the private/public dichotomy. Object or provider of physical pleasure for others, wheth er in sexualities or non- sexualities ways. The personal, intimate context and the care for self or other are

Linear A Undeciphered Writing System of the Minoans

Linear A is the name of one of the writing systems used in ancient Crete between about 2500–1450 BCE, before the arrival of the Mycenaean Greeks. We dont know which language it represents; nor do we fully understand it. It isnt the only ancient script that has so far evaded decipherment; nor is it even the only ancient Cretan script of the time that remains undeciphered. But there was another script in use by the end of Linear As period called Linear B, which British cryptographer Michael Ventris and colleagues deciphered in 1952. There are tantalizing similarities between the two. Undeciphered Cretan Scripts Linear A is one of two main scripts used during the Minoan Proto-palatial period (1900–1700 BC); the other is a Cretan hieroglyphic script. Linear A was used in the central-southern region (Mesara) of Crete, and Cretan hieroglyphic script was used on the northern and northeastern parts of Crete. Some scholars see these as simultaneous scripts, others argue that Hieroglyphic Cretan developed slightly earlier. Conceivably, a third script of the period is that stamped into the Phaistos Disk, a flat disk of fired ceramics about 15 centimeters (6 inches) in diameter. Both sides of the disk have been impressed with mysterious symbols, arranged in lines that spiral towards the centers. The disk was discovered at the Minoan culture site of Phaistos by Italian archaeologist Luigi Pernier in 1908. The symbols on the Phaistos Disk are similar to but not identical to other symbols in use throughout the Mediterranean. Theories about the meaning of the symbols abound. It may or may not be Cretan. It could be a fake or,   if authentic, it could be a game board. Some scholars suggest that the maker wasnt writing anything, she or he simply used motifs that were familiar from seals and amulets and assembled them into groups in order to imitate the appearance of writing. The Phaistos Disk is unlikely to be deciphered unless other examples are found. A Mixed System Invented about 1800 BCE, Linear A is Europes first known syllabary—that is to say, it was a writing system using different symbols to represent syllables rather than pictograms for complete ideas, used for both religious and administrative functions. Although primarily a syllabary, it also includes sematographic symbols/logograms for specific items and abstracts, such as arithmetical symbols showing what appears to be a decimal system with fractions. About 1450 BCE, Linear A disappeared. Scholars are divided about the origins, possible languages and disappearance of Linear A. Some say the disappearance results from invading Mycenaeans who crushed the Cretan culture—Linear B is associated with the Mycenaeans; others such as John Bennett suggest the Linear A script was retooled to include additional signs to record a new language. Certainly, Linear B has more symbols, is more systematic and exhibits a tidier appearance (classicist Ilsa Schoeps term) than Linear A: Schoep interprets this as reflecting the ad hoc nature of reports written in Linear A versus a more regulated archival purpose for those in Linear B. Sources of Linear A and Cretan Hieroglyphic Tablets with inscribed Linear A characters were first discovered by British archaeologist Arthur Evans in 1900. To date, there have been found over 1,400 Linear A documents with about 7,400 different symbols. That is much fewer than Linear B, which has about 4,600 documents with more than 57,000 symbols. Most of the inscriptions are from Neopalatial contexts (1700/1650-1325 BCE), with the end of that period, Late Minoan B (1480-1425 BCE) the most abundant. The vast majority (90 percent) were incised on tablets, sealings, roundels, and nodules, all of which are associated with markets and  trade goods. The other ten percent are objects of stone, pottery, and metal, including some gold and silver. Most of the Linear A documents were found on Crete, but a few are from the Aegean islands, at Miletos in coastal western Anatolia, and possibly at Tiryns in the Peloponnese islands and at Tel Haror in the Levant. Some possible examples have been reported from Troy and Lachish, but those remain controversial among scholars. Linear A scripts have been found in quantity at the Minoan sites of Haghia Triadha, Khania, Knossos, Phaistos, and Malia. More examples (147 tablets or fragments) of Linear A have been found at the Haghia Triadha (near Phaistos) than anywhere else. Why Cant We Crack the Code? There are a few reasons why Linear A is difficult to decipher. Mostly, there are no long text strings, in fact, the documents are primarily lists, with headings followed by a logogram, followed by a number and/or fraction. Classicist John Younger thinks the headers represent a type of transaction, while the entries in the lists are commodities and their descriptions (e.g., fresh/dried, or subset types), and a monetary amount follows that. The purposes of these lists are likely inventories, assessments, collections or contributions, or allocations or disbursements. The lists include several more or less plausible place names: Haghia Triada is probably DA-U-*49 (or da-wo in Linear B); I-DA is likely Mount Ida; and PA-I-TO is likely Phaistos. KI-NU-SU is probably a place name, but recent research has shown it is not very likely to be Knossos. About 10 three-syllable words are identical in A and B, including Phaistos, which occurs 59 times in the corpus. About 2,700 people seem to be recorded in Linear A, some of whom may have been part of a list of available porters. Which Language? Nevertheless, it would help if we knew which languages those who wrote in Linear A spoke. According to John Younger, Linear A is mostly written left to right, in more or less straight rows from top to bottom of the clay document, and sometimes lined. There are at least three vowels, and 90 symbols are used regularly. It is called linear because unlike Cretan hieroglyphs, the characters are abstract, drawn with lines. Hypotheses for the underlying language include a Greek-like language, a distinct Indo-European language, an Anatolian language close to Luwian, an archaic form of Phoenician, Indo-Iranian, and an Etruscan-like language. Computer scientist Peter Revesz has suggested that Cretan Hieroglyphs, Linear A, and Linear B are all part of a Cretan Script Family, with an origin in western Anatolia and perhaps ancestral to Carian.   Linear A and Saffron A 2011 study into possible signs in Linear A that might represent the spice saffron was reported in the Oxford Journal of Archaeology. Archaeologist Jo Day points out that although Linear A has yet to be deciphered, there are recognized ideograms in Linear A that approximate the Linear B ideograms, especially for agricultural commodities such as figs, wine, olives, humans, and some livestock. The Linear B character for saffron is called CROC (the Latin name for saffron is Crocus sativus). During his attempts to crack the Linear A code, Arthur Evans thought he saw some similarities to CROC, but reported no specifics and none is listed in any of the other previous attempts to decipher Linear A (Olivier and Godart or Palmer). Day believes a plausible candidate for a Linear A version of CROC might be one sign with four variants: A508, A509, A510, and A511. The sign is found primarily at Ayia Triadha,   though examples can be seen at Khania and the Villa at Knossos. These instances are dated to the Late Minoan IB period and appear in lists of goods. Previously, researcher Schoep suggested the sign referred to another agricultural commodity, perhaps a herb or spice such as coriander. While the Linear B CROC symbol does not much resemble A511 or the other variants in Linear A, Day points out similarities of A511 to the configuration of the crocus flower itself. She suggests that the Linear B sign for saffron may have been a deliberate adaptation of the crocus motif from other media, and it may have replaced the older symbol when the Minoans began using the spice. Assembled Corpora In the late 20th century, researchers Louis Godart and Jean-Pierre Olivier published Recueil des inscriptions en Linà ©aire A, a massive undertaking to bring all of the available Linear A inscriptions onto  paper, including images and context of each and every known example. (Without images and context, the entire corpus of known Linear A scripts would barely fill two pages.) The Godart and Olivier corpus known as GORILA was moved onto the web in the 21st century, using the best of the Linear A fonts at the time, released by D. W. Borgdorff in 2004, called LA.ttf. In June 2014, Version 7.0 of the Unicode Standard was released, for the first time including the Linear A character set, including simple and complex signs, fractions and compound fractions. And in 2015, Tommaso Petrolito and colleagues released a new font set known as John_Younger.ttf. Hands down, the best online source on Linear A is from Linear A Texts Inscriptions in phonetic transcription by John Younger. It makes fascinating reading, and Younger and colleagues continue to update it regularly. Sources Day, Jo. Counting Threads. Saffron in Aegean Bronze Age Writing and Society. Oxford Journal Of Archaeology 30.4 (2011): 369–91. Print.Eisenberg, Jerome M. The Phaistos Disk: One Hundred Year Old Hoax? Minerva 19 (2008): 9–24. Print.Godart, Louis, and Jean-Pierre Olivier. Recueil Des Inscriptions En Linà ©aire A. Études Crà ©toises I-V (1976-1985). Print.Montecchi, Barbara. A Classification Proposal of Linear a Tablets from Haghia Triada in Classes and Series. Kadmos 49.1 (2011): 11. Print.Morpurgo Davies, Anna, and Jean-Pierre Olivier. Syllabic Scripts and Languages in the Second and First Millennia BC. Parallel Lives. Ancient Island Societies in Crete and Cyprus. Eds. Cadogan, Gerald, et al. Vol. 20. Athens: British School at Athens Studies, 2012. 105–18. Print.Petrolito, Tommaso, et al. Minoan Linguistic Resources: The Linear a Digital Corpus. Proceedings of the 9th SIGHUM Workshop on Language Technology for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, and Humanit ies. Association for Computational Linguistics and The Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing, 2015. Print.Revesz, Peter Z. The Cretan Script Family Includes the Carian Alphabet. MATEC Web Conf. 125 (2017): 05019. Print.---. Establishing the West-Ugric Language Family with Minoan, Hattic and Hungarian by a Decipherment of Linear A. WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications 14.30 (2017): 306-35. Print.Schoep, Ilse. The Origins of Writing and Administration on Crete. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18.3 (1999): 265–90. Print.---. Tablets and Territories? Reconstructing Late Minoan Ib Political Geography through Undeciphered Documents. American Journal of Archaeology 103.2 (1999): 201–21. Print.Schrijver, Peter. Fractions and Food Rations in Linear A. Kadmos 53.1-2 (2014): 1. Print.Svizzero, Serge, and Clem Tisdell. The Role of Palatial Economic Organization in Creating Wealth in Minoan and Mycenaean States. Economic Theory, Applications and Issues Working Paper Series 74 (2015): 1–23. Print.Valà ©rio, Miguel Filipe Grandà £o. Investigating the Signs and Sounds of Cypro-Minoan. Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. Print.Whittaker, Helene. Social and Symbolic Aspects of Minoan Writing. European Journal of Archaeology 8.1 (2005): 29–41. Print.Younger, John G. The Pyrgos and Gournia Roundels Inscribed in Linear A: Suffixes, Prefixes, and a Journey to Syme. Studies of Crete and Cyprus Presented to Gerald Cadogan. Eds. Macdonald, Colin F., Eleni Hatzaki and Stelios Andreou. Athens: Kapon Editions, 2015. 67–70. Print.---. Linear a Texts Inscriptions in Phonetic Transcription Commentary. The University of Kansas. Updated December 19, 2017, first published 2000. Web. Accessed May 19, 2018. This page was written by N.S. Gill and K. Kris Hirst.